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The Bhagavad Gita, chapter by chapter

I learnt the Bhagavad Gita sixty years ago. Here it is, summarised chapter by chapter.

  1. Arjuna Vishada Yoga: on the Kurukshetra battlefield, Arjuna is overcome with grief at the prospect of fighting his own kin, and lays down his weapons in despair.
  2. Sankhya Yoga: Krishna teaches the immortality of the soul and nishkama karma — performing one’s duty with steady detachment, without craving its fruits.
  3. Karma Yoga: the path of selfless action. True freedom comes from doing one’s dharma diligently, without attachment.
  4. Jnana Karma Sanyasa Yoga: every action becomes sacred when it is offered selflessly, guided by transcendental wisdom.
  5. Karma Sanyasa Yoga: true renunciation is not abandoning duty, but performing every action selflessly, without ego.
  6. Dhyana Yoga: through disciplined meditation and mastery of the mind, one transcends worldly sorrow and realises the Self.
  7. Jnana Vijnana Yoga: Krishna reveals Himself as the ultimate truth behind all existence, both material and spiritual.
  8. Akshara Brahma Yoga: the thought that occupies one’s mind at death determines the soul’s next path. Remembering the Divine leads to Him.
  9. Raja Vidya Yoga: the entire universe rests within God. Through loving devotion, anyone can attain liberation and grace.
  10. Vibhuti Yoga: Krishna is the supreme source of all existence, the splendour manifest in everything glorious.
  11. Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga: Krishna reveals His cosmic form, showing that He is the source, maintainer and destroyer of all worlds.
  12. Bhakti Yoga: the path of loving devotion is the most direct and accessible way to reach the Divine.
  13. Kshetra Kshetrajna Yoga: Krishna explains the difference between the perishable material field and the eternal, conscious knower within it.
  14. Gunatraya Vibhaga Yoga: the three gunas — sattva (goodness), rajas (passion) and tamas (ignorance) — bind the soul. Liberation comes from transcending them.
  15. Purushottama Yoga: the material world is like an inverted tree of illusion. Cut it with detachment to realise your divine origin, and surrender to Krishna.
  16. Daivasura Sampad Yoga: divine qualities like selflessness and charity lead upward, while pride, anger and greed bind the soul to suffering.
  17. Shraddhatraya Vibhaga Yoga: a person’s faith, food, worship and actions reflect their inner nature, as shaped by the three gunas.
  18. Moksha Sanyasa Yoga: ultimate liberation comes from performing one’s duty selflessly and surrendering all results to the Divine.

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